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姊︿腑锛屾垜鐚涚儓镄勬专镓庣潃銆?papgt
浣嗗氨鍦ㄨ繖镞讹紝鎴戝拷铹舵劅瑙夋垜韬涓婂忚腌缅噳椋曢？鯕勪簡銆?papgt
鎴戜笅镒忚瘑镄勭潄寮鐪肩潧涓鐪嬶紝鍙戠幇鎴戣韩涓婄殑琚瀛愬凡缁忚浜虹粰孥湘帀浼蜚?papgt
鍦ㄥ彂鐜拌韩涓婄殑琚瀛愯孥襄紑鍚庯紝鎴戣鍚扑简涓璺筹紝鍐锋困閮借鍚揿嚭鏉ヤ简銆?papgt
涓嶈绷锛屽湪鎻変简鎻夌溂镌涘悗锛屾垜鐪嬭佽嫃浜氭璯珯鍦ㄥ簥鍓嶅喎鍐风殑鐪嬬潃鎴戙?papgt
钬滆佸﹩锛屼綘浠涔堟椂链椤洖鏉ヤ简锛屼綘杩欐槸鍦ㄥ共鍢涘憿锛熲?papgt
鐪嫔埌鑻忎簹鍚庯紝鎴戞ュ繖浠庡簥涓婂潗浜呜捣鏉ャ?papgt
钥屼笖锛屽氨鎴戞晱阌愯傚療鍒帮袆鎯呭喌锛岃嫃浜氾袆鑴歌壊鐜板湪骞朵笉鏄闾d箞濂界湅銆?papgt
鐢氲呖锛屼篃鍙浠ヨ繖涔堣达紝濂硅劯涓婃湁镣规掓皵鍐插啿镄勬劅瑙夈?papgt
钬灭帇铏庯紝浣犺捣鏉ワ紝鎴戜滑鍒板⒄呭幓璇寸偣浜嬫儏鍚c傗?papgt
鑻忎簹娌c湁绔嬫椂锲炵瓟鎴戠殑璇濓紝钥屼笖濂圭殑镐佸害锛屼篃鍙戠敓浜嗘侪浜虹殑杞鍙樸?papgt
鍦ㄥス璇村畲杩欎箞涓鍙ヤ箣鍚庯紝灏辩洿鎺ヨ浆韬鍑轰簡鎴块棿銆?papgt
涓镞朵箣闂达紝鐪嬬潃鑻忎簹镄勮儗褰憋紝鎴戝绩閲屽挴鍣斾竴澹帮紝链変竴绉崭笉濂界殑棰勬劅娑屼简璧锋潵銆?papgt
锲犱负杩椤コ浜哄湪鎴戠浔瑙夌殑镞跺欙紝涓嶆槸铡绘垜鐖朵翰闾h竟浜嗗悧锛?papgt
闾d箞濂硅繖涓锲炴潵锛屽ス镄勬弧鑴告掓皵鏄鍝閲屾潵镄勫憿锛屼笉鍙鑳芥槸閭ｄ簺殛氰緢璇翠簡濂逛粈涔埚惂锛?papgt
涓镞朵箣闂存垜鑴戣嬩贡涔憋袆锛屼笉璞铃1┛濂借。链嶅悗锛屾垜涔熸槸鐩存帴镐ュ繖鍑烘埧闂达紝鏉ュ埌浜嗗⒄呫?papgt
鍦ㄥ⒄呴噷锛岃嫃浜氭わ叨宸茬粡鍦ㄦ查彂涓婂潗瀹氢简銆?papgt
鑻忎簹鐪嫔埌鎴戝嚭鏉ワ紝濂规姳璧峰弻镶╋紝鍐风潃鑴稿规垜娣℃贰璇达?papgt
钬灭帇铏庯紝浣犲憡璇夋垜锛岀粦鏋舵垜镄勪汉灏辨槸楂樼强鐝婇偅涓濂充汉锛屽瑰悧锛熲?papgt
鎴戞湰鏉ユ槸鍑嗗囧潗涓嬚』鐨勶紝浣嗘槸鑻忎弘悼欒瘽锛岃╂垜鎶婂集镟茬殑鑵垮张绔欑洿浜嗐?papgt
鎴戝嫆涓鎿︼?papgt
璇寸湡镄勶紝鎴戦兘宸鐐硅鍚擄袆鑴搁兘玳其簡銆?papgt
钬樿嫃浜氭槸镐庝箞鐭ラ亾缁戞灦濂圭殑浜烘槸楂樼强鐝婄殑锛岄毦阆揿ス浠婂ぉ铡昏皟镆ヨ绷杩欎欢浜嬩简锛熷簲璇ヤ笉浼氩惂锛熲?papgt
蹇冮噷铏界劧杩欎箞鎯崇潃锛屼絾琛ㄩ溃涓婃垜鍗村湪镐ュ繖镄勫惁璁ょ潃璇撮亾锛?papgt
钬滃綋铹朵笉鏄濂构鴼鐨勶紝杩欎簨涓庨珮缜跨強鏄娌c湁浠讳綍鍏崇郴镄勶紝浣犲埆镐绘妸闾d簺涓嶅ソ镄勪簨鎯咃紝鎺ㄥ埌鍒浜猴袆韬涓婏紝杩欐牱涓嶅ソ镄勩傗?papgt
杩欎竴鍒伙紝鎴戠殑蹇冮噷涔熸槸镞犳瘮镄勬兑鎭愶紝锲犱负鑻忎簹澶鑱鏄庝简锛屾垜寰堟媴蹇冨ス鍙戠幇浜嗕粈涔堛?papgt
鏋灭劧锛屽湪鎴戠殑璇濊瘽鍚庯紝鑻忎簹杩椤コ浜哄张鍐风瑧浜嗗嚑澹般?papgt
涔嫔悗锛屽ス寰堟槸涓嶅睉镄勮淬下跋
钬滃懙锻碉紝鐜嬭柠浣犲氨涓嶈佽呬简濂藉悧锛屾病链夎瘉鎹鎴戞槸涓嶄记夤辫磋瘽镄勶紝鎴戠幇鍦ㄥ凡缁忚皟镆ユ竻妤氢简涓鍒囥傗?papgt
钬灭粦鏋舵垜镄勫嚩镓嫔氨鏄榕彗強缜匡紝涔熷氨鏄锲犱负濂归偅楠氲箘瀛愶紝鏄缁戞灦鎴戯袆缁戝尓锛岋貈浠ヤ綘镓崭笉璁╂垜杩界┒杩欎簨镄勬硶寰嬭矗浠伙紝瀵逛笉瀵广傗?papgt
鑻忎簹镄勮瘽鐬闂磋╂垜镄勫皬蹇冭剰鍜鍣旓紝鍜鍣旗殑璺充简璧锋潵銆?papgt
鎴戦潬锛燂紒
濂瑰眳铹跺凡缁忚皟镆ユ竻妤氲繖浜嬩简锛熷氨鍦ㄤ粖澶╋紵璇ヤ笉浼氭槸镣告垜镄勫惂锛?papgt
濡傛灉鏄鐪燂袆璇濓紝閭ｈ繖涓嬭繖浜嬪彲灏辩湡鐨劻磯鐐硅佸畲铔嬩简銆?papgt
钬滃挸鍜筹紝闾d粈涔堬紝钥佸﹩锛屼綘鍙鑳芥愇獢欎簡鍚э紝浣犃磯浠涔堣瘉鎹鍚楋紵缁戝尓鎴戦兘娌＄湅娓呮シ杭尭鋷涔堝彲鑳藉張鏄楂樼强鐝娄简锻锛燁?papgt
杩欎竴鍒伙紝鎴戞媴蹇冭嫃浜氱偢绐濓紝鎶圭潃鍐锋困锛屽湪蹇冭櫄镊虫瀬镄勬湜镌鑻忎簹璇寸潃銆?papgt
鍦ㄦ垜璇濆悗锛岃嫃浜氲劯鑹蹭竴娌夛紝铹跺悗濂瑰喎鍐峰洖搴旀垜璇撮亾锛?papgt
钬灭帇铏庯紝浠庝綘寮镄勯偅杈嗛溃鍖呰溅鍏ユ坠锛屾垜鐜板湪灏卞凡缁忚皟镆ユ竻妤氭暣浠朵簨镄勬潵榫椤幓鑴変简锛屾湰鏉ユ垜灏辨鐤戞槸鐧戒簯姝f垨钥呴佩鐝婄强缁戞灦鎴戠殑锛屸?papgt
钬沧灉涓嶅嚭鎴戞墍鏂欙紝璋冩煡镄勭粨鏋沧樉绀猴紝杩欐伓姣掔殑浜嬬湡镄勬槸楂樼强鐝婇偅涓灏忚幢浜哄共鐨勶紝鍒扮幇鍦锛屼綘鐜板湪杩樿侀獥鎴戜粈涔堬紵钬?papgt
鑻忎簹璇寸殑鏂╅拤鎴閾侊紝鍐板喎鍗佽冻锛屽ス鑴镐嘎篃杩樻湁镐掓皵鍦ㄦ粴锷1潃銆?papgt
鍦1湅鍒拌嫃浜氱殑镙峰瓙锛屾垜鐭ラ亾杩欎簨浼拌℃槸褰诲嚎鯕勭瀿涓嶄綇浼蜚?papgt
鑱鏄庯袆鑻忎弘钵嬬粓鏄鑱鏄庯袆銆?papgt
杩欎釜鐞嗘櫤镄勫コ浜猴紝鍦ㄨ幏寰楄嚜鐢憋紝骞朵笖鍐烽润涓嬫潵涔嫔悗锛屽氨璋冩煡娓呮氳繖鏁翠欢浜嬶袆鏉ラ鹃幓鑴夛紝涔熸槸寰堟ｅ父鐨勩?papgt
钬滃攭锛屽ソ鍚э紝鎴戞圹璁ゅ氨鏄榕彗強缜跨粦鏋朵綘鐨勶紝鏄鎴戝拰濂逛氦娑変简寰堜箙锛屾垜绛斿簲濂癸紝浣犲嚭鏉ヤ箣鍚庝笉杩界┒濂圭殑璐d换锛屽ス镓岖瓟搴旀斁浜嗕綘镄勩傗?papgt
镞犲堜箣涓嬶紝鎴戜篃鍙寰楀潶钻＄殑镓胯や何乜欎簨锛岋茽涓哄1嫛杈╂槸娌c湁浠讳綍鐢1殑銆?papgt
鍦ㄦ垜璇濆悗锛岃嫃浜氩緢鏄鐩存帴鍛镐簡涓澹帮紝婊¤劯涓嶅睉閯椤し镄勫规垜璇淬下跋
钬滃仛姊︼紝闾d釜灏忚幢浜虹珶铹舵湁鑳嗗瓙锛屾暍镓句汉缁戞灦鎴戯紝闾f垜涓瀹氢细鎷煎敖鍏ㄥ姏锛屽皢濂归佽繘鐗2埧锛岃╁ス彗缅埌搴斄磯鐨勬曡锂镄勩傗?papgt
杩欎竴鍒伙紝鑻忎簹璇寸殑鍜缍殄垏榻匡袆锛屽ス鐨勶莘瀛愪篃璁╂垜寮ㄥ唴鏃犳旗殑鎭愭厡銆?papgt
钬滆佸﹩锛屼綘鍒杩欙莘琛屼笉琛岋紝浣犲惉鎴戣i喷锛岃繖浜嬫槸杩欐牱镄勶紝褰揿垵楂樼强鐝婂彧鏄鍥犱负澶婵锷锛屽お鍋忔縺浜嗭紝镓浠ヤ竴镞舵病鎯抽泛紝镓崭细锅氶偅涔堟瀬绔鐨勪簨鐨勩傗?papgt
钬滆屼笖锛岀幇鍦ㄤ綘镞3劧宸茬粡骞冲畨镞犱簨镄勫嚭鏉ヤ简锛岄偅瑕佷笉杩欎簨灏辫╁畠杩欙莘璞琳』鍚э紝濂藉悧銆傗?papgt
鎴戞ュ繖鎶圭潃鍐锋困锛屽硅嫃浜氳嫤鍙ｅ﹩寮镄勮达詟銆?papgt
浣嗘槸锛屾垜镄勮瘽锛屽嵈阆鍒颁何貗忎簹鐨勪弗璇嶅弽椹筹紝濂癸斜鐪夛噩0阆掳细
钬滃氨杩欎箞杩囧幓锛熺湡鏄鍋氭ⅵ锛岃繖浜嬪规垜鑻忎簹钥岃█绠鐩村氨鏄濂囋炕澶ц颈锛屽ス鎶婃垜鎶撹繃鍘诲氨绠椾簡锛岃繕閭ｄ箞铏愬緟鎴戯紝瑕佹垜涓嶈拷绌跺ス鐨勮磀换锛岄櫎闱炲お阒虫疮澶╀粠瑗胯竟鍗囱捣鏉ャ傗?papgt
鑻忎簹杩栾瘽璇寸殑镞犳瘮鍧氩喅锛屾掔伀涓鐑с?papgt
钥屼笖锛岃磋胯锆濓袆鏃读礄锛屽ス鑴镐笂鐨勭炶壊锛屼篃閮芥湁镣规壄镟蹭简銆?papgt
钬滆佸﹩锛屼綘涔熷埆杩欎箞婵锷锛屼綘鍚鎴戣炊蛝锛屽綋鍒濇槸鎴戠粰楂樼强鐝娄缭璇侊紝浣犱笉浼氲拷绌跺ス镄勮矗浠伙紝濂规墠浼氩悓镒忔斁浜嗕綘镄勩傗?papgt
钬滀綘鐜板湪瑕佽拷绌跺ス镄勮矗浠荤殑璇濓紝闾h繖涓嶆槸璁╂垜澶变俊浜庝汉鍚楋紵钬?papgt
鎴戝摥涓x潃鑴革紝鐢ㄦ汲姹傜殑璇姘旓紝瀵硅嫃浜氳寸潃銆?papgt
鍦ㄦ垜璇濆悗锛岃嫃浜氢篃鏄鐩存帴缈昏劯浼蝻紝濂瑰喎鍐凤袆鍥炲簲鎴戙下跋
钬灭帇铏庯紝浣犳棦铹堕兘宸茬粡鐭ラ亾锛屾槸楂樼强鐝婇偅灏忚幢浜虹粦鏋朵简鎴戠殑锛岄偅浣犱负浠涔堥夋嫨涓嶆姤璀︼紝涓轰粈涔堣佸悜濂逛繚璇佽繖浜涗笢瑗匡紵鈥?papgt
杩欎竴鍒伙紝鑻忎簹镄勮姘旀槸鍏呮弧镐掔伀鍜岃川闂鐨勩?papgt
钥屼笖锛屽湪璇磋瘽瀹岋紝濂瑰氨鐩存帴鐩鐫鎴戯紝寮濮嬬洰涓嶈浆镌涗简銆?papgt
钬滃逛笉璧吩縼濠嗭紝鍥犱负浣犱篃鐭ャ蠐鐨勶紝鍦镒熸儏涓婏紝鏄鎴戜滑浼ゅ充简楂樼强鐝婏紝镓浠ュス鍜屾垜璇达紝鎶娄綘缁戞灦镄勭洰镄勶紝链鏉ユ槸瑕佸拰浣犲悓褰掍簬灏斤袆銆傗?papgt
钬滀篃灏辨槸璇达紝濡傛灉瑕佹槸鎴戞姤璀︾殑璇濓紝鍙湎歌╅佩鐝婄强镟村姞镄勫亸婵锛屼篃浼氲╀簨鎯咃紝鍙樺緱鏇达蔂鐨勪笉鍙鏀舵嬀銆傗?papgt
鎴戝徆姘旗殑璇寸潃锛岃姘旀佸害浠涔堢殑锛屼篃閮芥槸寰堣瘹鎭炽?papgt
杩欎竴娆★紝鎴戠殑璇濊╄嫃浜氳劯鑹插忚牍讳簡濂藉嚑涓嬨?papgt
手机看书，p